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<h1 class="title toc-ignore">Using renv with Continuous Integration</h1>



<p>When building, deploying, or testing with continuous integration (CI)
systems (e.g. <a href="https://github.com/features/actions">GitHub
Actions</a>, <a href="https://travis-ci.org/">Travis CI</a>, <a href="https://www.appveyor.com/">AppVeyor</a>, and others), one often
needs to download and install a set of R packages before the service can
be run. Normally, one will have to download and reinstall these packages
on each build, which can often be slow – especially in environments
where binary packages are not available from your R package
repositories.</p>
<p><code>renv</code> can often be helpful in these situations. The
general idea is:</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li><p>Call <code>renv::snapshot()</code> on your local machine, to
generate <code>renv.lock</code>;</p></li>
<li><p>Call <code>renv::restore()</code> on your CI service, to restore
the project library from <code>renv.lock</code>;</p></li>
<li><p>Ensure that the project library, as well as the global
<code>renv</code> cache, are cached by the CI service.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Normally, <code>renv</code> will use the R package repositories as
encoded in <code>renv.lock</code> during restore, and this will override
any repositories set in other locations (e.g. in <code>.Rprofile</code>
or <code>.Rprofile.site</code>). We’ll discuss some strategies for
providing an alternate R package repository to use during restore
below.</p>
<div id="github-actions" class="section level2">
<h2>GitHub Actions</h2>
<p>When using GitHub Actions, you typically need two steps:</p>
<ol style="list-style-type: decimal">
<li>Cache any packages installed by <code>renv</code>,</li>
<li>Use <code>renv::restore()</code> to restore packages.</li>
</ol>
<p>As an example, these steps might look like:</p>
<pre><code>env:
  RENV_PATHS_ROOT: ~/.local/share/renv

steps:

- name: Cache packages
  uses: actions/cache@v1
  with:
    path: ${{ env.RENV_PATHS_ROOT }}
    key: ${{ runner.os }}-renv-${{ hashFiles(&#39;**/renv.lock&#39;) }}
    restore-keys: |
      ${{ runner.os }}-renv-

- name: Restore packages
  shell: Rscript {0}
  run: |
    if (!requireNamespace(&quot;renv&quot;, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(&quot;renv&quot;)
    renv::restore()</code></pre>
<p>See also the <a href="https://github.com/actions/cache/blob/main/examples.md#r---renv">example</a>
on GitHub actions.</p>
</div>
<div id="travis-ci" class="section level2">
<h2>Travis CI</h2>
<p>On Travis CI, one can add the following entries to
<code>.travis.yml</code> to accomplish the above:</p>
<pre><code>cache:
  directories:
  - $HOME/.local/share/renv
  - $TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR/renv/library

install:
  - Rscript -e &quot;if (!requireNamespace(&#39;renv&#39;, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(&#39;renv&#39;)&quot;
  - Rscript -e &quot;renv::restore()&quot;
  
script:
  - Rscript -e &#39;&lt;your-build-action&gt;&#39;</code></pre>
<p>Note that we provide both <code>install</code> and
<code>script</code> steps, as we want to override the default behaviors
provided by Travis for R (which might attempt to install different
version of R packages than what is currently encoded in
<code>renv.lock</code>). See <a href="https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/r/#customizing-the-travis-build-steps" class="uri">https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/languages/r/#customizing-the-travis-build-steps</a>
for more details.</p>
<p>It’s also possible to override the package repository used during
restore by setting the <code>RENV_CONFIG_REPOS_OVERRIDE</code>
environment variable. For example:</p>
<pre><code>env:
  global:
    - RENV_CONFIG_REPOS_OVERRIDE=&lt;cran&gt;</code></pre>
<p>replacing <code>&lt;cran&gt;</code> with your desired R package
repository. This can also be accomplished in a similar way by
setting:</p>
<pre><code>options(renv.config.repos.override = &lt;...&gt;)</code></pre>
<p>but it is generally more ergonomic to set the associated environment
variable. (See <code>?config</code> for more details.) This can be
useful if you’d like to, for example, enforce the usage of a <a href="https://mran.microsoft.com">MRAN</a> checkpoint during restore, or
another similarly-equipped repository.</p>
<p>See <a href="https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/caching" class="uri">https://docs.travis-ci.com/user/caching</a> for more details
on how Travis manages caching.</p>
</div>
<div id="gitlab-ci" class="section level2">
<h2>GitLab CI</h2>
<p>The following template can be used as a base when using
<code>renv</code> with <a href="https://about.gitlab.com/stages-devops-lifecycle/continuous-integration/">GitLab
CI</a>:</p>
<pre><code>variables:
  RENV_CONFIG_REPOS_OVERRIDE: &quot;http://cran.r-project.org&quot;
  RENV_PATHS_CACHE: ${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/cache
  RENV_PATHS_LIBRARY: ${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/renv/library

cache:
  key: ${CI_JOB_NAME}
  paths:
    - ${RENV_PATHS_CACHE}
    - ${RENV_PATHS_LIBRARY}

before_script:
  - &lt; ... other pre-deploy steps ... &gt;
  - Rscript -e &quot;if (!requireNamespace(&#39;renv&#39;, quietly = TRUE)) install.packages(&#39;renv&#39;)&quot;
  - Rscript -e &quot;renv::restore()&quot;
  </code></pre>
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